-Crushing: Crushing block shaped raw materials such as quartz sand, soda ash, limestone, feldspar, etc. into smaller particles for subsequent mixing and melting. Quartz sand is the main component of glass, soda ash can lower the melting point of glass, while limestone and feldspar can improve the properties of glass.
-Drying: If the raw material contains moist components, it needs to be dried to ensure the quality and stability of the raw material.
-Iron Removal:The iron element in the raw material can affect the transparency and color of the glass, so iron removal treatment is required, usually using magnetic separation and other methods to remove impurities containing iron.

Mix various pre processed raw materials in a certain proportion to make glass batch. This process requires precise control of the proportions of various raw materials to ensure the quality and performance of the glass.

-Heating: Place the glass mixture into a tank furnace or furnace and heat it at high temperatures (1550-1600 degrees) to melt the raw materials and form liquid glass. During the melting process, continuous stirring is required to ensure the uniformity and stability of the glass liquid.
-Clarification: The melted glass liquid may contain impurities such as bubbles and stones, and clarification treatment is needed to make the glass liquid uniform, without bubbles, stones, or stripes. This process usually requires the addition of auxiliary materials such as clarifying agents to help remove impurities.

-Manual Blowing: Handheld blowing tubes are used to pick materials from the crucible or the material collection port of the tank kiln, and blow them into the shape of an instrument in an iron or wooden mold. For smooth circular products, the rotary blowing method can be used; For products with convex and concave patterns or shapes that are not circular, the static blowing method is used. The process of first selecting colorless materials and blowing them into small bubbles, and then selecting colored or milky materials and blowing them into a container shape with small bubbles is called set blowing. Dip the colored melting material particles onto the milky coating, and the natural melting flow of various colors can be blown into natural scenery vessels; Dip a strip of milky material onto the color material and blow it into a brushed vessel.
-Mechanical Blowing: used for blowing large quantities of products. After receiving the material, the blowing machine automatically closes the iron mold and blows it into the shape of a vessel. After demolding, the cap is removed to form the vessel. It is also possible to use pressure blow molding, where the material is first punched into small bubbles (prototypes) and then further blown into the shape of a device. This method is more efficient and of better quality than simply blowing with a blowing machine.
-Compression Molding: Manually selecting materials and cutting them into an iron mold, driving a punch, pressing them into a machine shape, solidifying and shaping them before demolding. Mechanical forming is an automated production process with large batch sizes and high efficiency. Compression molding is suitable for small tool shaped products with large mouth and bottom that can exit the punch, such as cups, plates, ashtrays, etc.
-Centrifugal Molding: The material is received in a rotating mold, and the centrifugal force generated by rotation causes the glass to unfold and adhere tightly to the mold. After solidification and shaping, it is removed. Suitable for forming large glassware with uniform walls.

By annealing, quenching and other processes, the internal stress, phase separation or crystallization of the glass are cleaned or generated, as well as the structural state of the glass is changed. Annealing can eliminate stress inside glass and prevent glassware from breaking during use; Quenching can create compressive stress on the surface of glass, improving its strength and wear resistance.

-Removing The Cap: After forming, blown products have a cap, which is usually caused by scratches and local rapid cooling or heating to break along the edge (called explosion or bursting). The broken edge is then ground flat and melted smoothly (called grinding and drying).
-Tempering Treatment: For glassware that requires increased strength, thermal or chemical tempering treatment can be performed to give the glass product pre stress and higher impact strength.
-Carving: High Speed